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Concrete verbs such as “define,” “apply,” or “analyze” are more helpful for assessment than verbs such as “be exposed to,” “understand,” “know,” “be familiar with.”
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Cognitive Learning
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Examples of Action Verbs
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Knowledge – to recall or remember facts without necessarily understanding them
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articulate, define, indicate, name, order, recognize, relate, recall, reproduce, list, tell, describe, identify, show, label, tabulate, quote
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Comprehension – to understand and interpret learned information
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classify, describe, discuss, explain, express, interpret, contrast, associate, differentiate, extend, translate, review, suggest, restate
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Application – to put ideas and concepts to work solving problems
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apply, compute, give examples, investigate, experiment, solve, choose, predict, translate, employ operate, practice, schedule
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Analysis – to break information into its components to see interrelationships
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analyze, appraise, calculate, categorize, compare, contrast, criticize, differentiate, distinguish, examine, investigate, interpret
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Synthesis – to use creativity to compose and design something original
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arrange, assemble, collect, compose, construct, create, design, formulate, manage, organize, plan, prepare, propose, set up
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Evaluation – to judge the value of information based on established criteria
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appreciate, accept, attempt, challenge, defend, dispute, join, judge, praise, question, share, support
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Affective Learning
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appreciate, accept, attempt, challenge, defend, dispute, join, judge, praise, question, share, support
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